Table Of ContentAcknowledgments Organisation and Cross-references Abbreviations Maps 1. Introduction 1.1 Political organisation 1.2. Language and life in Boumaa 1.3. Linguistic profile of Fijian 1.4. Fijian within the Austronesian language family 1.5. Data base for this study 2. Phonology 2.1. Consonants 2.2. Vowels and diphthongs 2.3. Phonotactics 2.4. Stress 2.5. Intonation 2.6. Diachronic change 3. Word 3.1. Phonological word 3.2. Grammatical word 3.2.1. Roots 3.2.2. Affixes 3.2.3. Function items 3.2.4. Pronouns 4. Syntactic Overview I--Clause and Phrase Structure 4.1. Word classes 4.2. Predicate structure 4.3. Noun phrase structure 4.4. Clausal NPs 4.5. Other subordinate clauses 4.6. Semi-auxiliary verbs "not," "can," etc 4.7. Peripheral clause constituents 4.8. Fronting 4.9. Relative clauses 4.10. Derivational affixes 5. Syntactic Overview II--Verbs 5.1. Syntactic orientation of verbs--A and O types 5.2. Verbs with two transitive forms 5.3. The principles of verbal syntax 5.3.1. Passive 5.3.2. Reduplication 5.3.3. Object incorporation 5.3.4. Va''a - derivations 6. Pronouns 6.1. Meanings 6.2. Functions 6.3. Forms 6.4. Analysis 6.5. Third person singular 7. Deictics 7.1. Demonstratives 7.1.1. Forms 7.1.2. Function and meaning 7.2. Deictic verbs 7.3. Deictic noun 8. Predicate 8.1. Predicate head 8.1.1. Verbs and adjectives as predicate head 8.1.2. Noun phrase as predicate head 8.1.3. Pronoun as predicate head 8.2. Prefatory material 8.2.1. Subject pronouns 8.2.2. Tense-apart markers 8.2.3. Discourse markers 8.2.4. Order 8.3. Modifiers 8.3.1. Stance-aspect 8.3.2. Finish and start 8.3.3. Locational markers 8.3.4. Directional comparatives 8.3.5. Modal modifiers 8.3.6. Markers of intensity 8.3.7. "All" and "alone" 8.3.8. Other modifiers 8.3.9. Order of modifiers 8.4. Adverbs 9. Noun Phrase 9.1. Structure of simple NPs 9.2. Structure of complex NPs 9.3. Articles 9.4. Mataqali "kind of" 9.5. Lexical modifiers 9.6. Grammatical modifiers and adverbs 10. Possession 10.1. Parameters 10.2. Constructions 10.3. Alternative realisations 10.4. NP ni NP 10.5. Bound nouns 10.6. Existential constructions of "having" 11. Clausal NPs 11.1. Structure 11.2. Function 12. Classifiers 12.1. With nouns 12.2. With adjectives 12.3. With verbs 12.4. Particular classifier contrasts 13. Numbers 13.1. The number system 13.2. Syntax 13.2.1. As predicate head 13.2.2. In a noun phrase 13.2.3. In a prepositional NP 13.2.4. With time and distance words 13.2.5. Lewe 13.3. Ordinals 13.4. Veimaamaa "half" and fractions 13.5. Distributives 14. Prepositions 14.1. Form 14.2. Functions of i and mai 14.3. ''Ei "together with" 14.4. The grammaticisation of baleta 14.4.1. Preposition baleta - baleti "concerning" 14.4.2. Conjunction baleta ni "because" 15. Time Expressions 15.1. Time words 15.2. Other time expressions 16. Interrogatives 16.1. Cei "who" 16.2. Cava "what, which" 16.3. Vei "where" 16.4. Vica "how many/much, some" 16.5. (Na)ica "when" 16.6. ''Uca "to do what"; va''a- cava "to do how" 17. Word Derivations 17.1. Prefix vei -, collective 17.1.1. With nouns and time words 17.1.2. With kin terms 17.1.3. With verbs 17.1.4. Vei . . . ya''i/ya''ina "all over the place" 17.2. Prefix va''a-, causative, etc 17.3. Prefix +i- deverbal 17.4
SynopsisThe people who live in the Boumaa region of the Fijian island of Taveuni speak a dialect of Fijian that is mutually intelligible with Standard Fijian, the two differing as much perhaps as do the American and British varieties of English. During 1985, R. M. W. Dixon--one of the most insightful of linguists engaged in descriptive studies today--lived in the village of Waitabu and studied the language spoken there. He found in Boumaa Fijian a wealth of striking features unknown in commonly studied languages and on the basis of his fieldwork prepared this grammar. Fijian is an agglutinating language, one in which words are formed by the profligate combining of morphemes. There are no case inflections, and tense and aspect as shown by independent clitics or words within a predicate complex. Most verbs come in both transitive and intransitive forms, and nouns can be build up regularly from verbal parts and verbs from nouns. The language is also marked by a highly developed pronoun system and by a vocabulary rich in areas of social significance. In the opening chapters, Dixon describes the Islands' political, social, and linguistic organization, outlines the main points of Fijian phonology, and presents an overview of the grammar. In succeeding chapters, he examines a number of grammatical topics in greater detail, including clause and phrase structure, verbal syntax, deictics, and anaphora. The volume also includes a full vocabulary of all forms treated in discussion and three of the fifteen texts recorded from monolingual village elders on which the grammar is based.